​As per the regulations, the Union consists of members who have a keen interest in the development, propagation and promotion of Urdu language and culture. The number of members is unlimited but subject to approval of the Executive Council. The Executive Council itself is composed of a minimum of 20 and a maximum of 30 members including one representative from each of the following bodies:

​​ The Ministry of Arts and
Culture (Parent Ministry)
​​ The Ministry of Education
​​ The Islamic Cultural Centre
​​The High Commission of Pakistan
​​ The High Commission of India

The Union is run by Grants from the Government, membership fees, sponsorships, donations and contributions from well wishers. It has also been proclaimed as a charitable institution since February 2006 by the Ministry of Finance and Economic Development.